It is sometimes easy to forget that the words over which delegates are fighting lead to real-life damages. Dr Jeni Miller, executive director of the Global Climate and Health Alliance, said the most recent draft of the COP28 text would be “disastrous for people’s health” and represents a major step backwards at a time when we urgently need to be accelerating action.
“Small islands states have rightly called this text a death sentence,” she said. “The lack of any actual commitment to phase out fossil fuels leaves us on a trajectory to spiraling climate impacts on health that will exceed the limits of our health systems’ and communities’ abilities to adapt. And it will continue to expose people all over the world to the myriad health impacts of fossil fuel even beyond their role in climate change, such as the over 5 million deaths per year from air pollution alone.”
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While many countries wanted the text strengthened, climate campaigners feared that others such as Saudi Arabia and its oil producing allies in Opec might use the final hours to try to further weaken the draft. The Saudis have spent the meeting insisting the document should refer to dealing with emissions, not fossil fuels.
The like minded group of developing countries, which includes China, India and Saudi Arabia, have accused umbrella group members US, Norway, Australia and Canada of hypocrisy for saying they wanted to phase out unabated fossil fuels while planning to either expand or not significantly cut their own production.
The chief executive of Climate Analytics, Dr Bill Hare, said the text was an “epic mess” and there was “no way if it was operationalised that it would keep 1.5C in reach”. He said it did not adequately reference phasing out fossil fuels or the need to act rapidly this decade to address the problem.