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"The role of speed in crash likelihood has been confirmed through numerous studies. For example, Nilsson (2004) and then Elvik (2013) demonstrated that lower mean traffic speeds in response to speed limit reduction result in reduced likelihood of casualty crashes. Kloeden (2001, 2002) presented relationships demonstrating that the likelihood of driver involvement in a casualty crash increased with his or her speed over the speed limit. Much of this research points to the fact that even small reductions in speed can lead to considerable reductions in road trauma. "